Those cultures – Hindu (Indian and Nepali), Buddhist (Tibetan), Islamic (Kashmiri) and Animist (Burmese and southeast Asian) – have created here their own individual and unique place. The amount of yearly rainfall increases from west to east along the southern front of the range. This contributes to economic and modern industrial development both inside and outside the region. The climate ranges from tropical at the base of the mountains to permanent ice and snow at the highest elevations. Their total area amounts to about 230,000 square miles (595,000 square km). Higher up, most of the Himalayas have a subtropical highland climate (Cwb). The increase in temperature is shifting various species to higher elevations. The first known Himalayan sketch map of some accuracy was drawn up in 1590 by Antonio Monserrate, a Spanish missionary to the court of the Mughal emperor Akbar. Although the effect of this will not be known for many years, it potentially could mean disaster for the hundreds of millions of people who rely on the glaciers to feed the rivers during the dry seasons.[28][29][30]. [51] The shapes and materials of the people's homes reflect their practical needs and the beliefs. The Karnali River rises in Tibet but cuts through the center of the region. In the disputed Kashmir region, Pakistan has administrative control of some 32,400 square miles (83,900 square km) of the range lying north and west of the “line of control” established between India and Pakistan in 1972. Februar 2019: Learn how and when to remove this template message, "Himalayas: The collided range. They consider the saligrams to be representatives of the Tibetan serpent deity known as Gawo Jagpa. The northern side of the Himalayas, also known as the Tibetan Himalaya, is dry, cold and generally wind swept particularly in the west where it has a cold desert climate. Going west from Dhaulagiri, Western Nepal is somewhat remote and lacks major high mountains, but is home to Rara Lake, the largest lake in Nepal. [38][39] [40][41], The flora and fauna of the Himalayas vary with climate, rainfall, altitude, and soils. The width of the Himalayas from south to north varies between 125 and 250 miles (200 and 400 km). The mountains are known as the Himālaya in Nepali and Hindi (both written हिमालय), the Himalaya (ཧི་མ་ལ་ཡ་) or 'The Land of Snow' (གངས་ཅན་ལྗོངས་) in Tibetan, the Himāliya Mountain Range (سلسلہ کوہ ہمالیہ) in Urdu, the Himaloy Parvatmala (হিমালয় পর্বতমালা) in Bengali and the Ximalaya Mountain Range (simplified Chinese: 喜马拉雅山脉; traditional Chinese: 喜馬拉雅山脉; pinyin: Xǐmǎlāyǎ Shānmài) in Chinese. The vast size, huge altitude range and complex topography of the Himalayas mean they experience a wide range of climates, from humid subtropical in the foothills to cold and dry desert conditions on the Tibetan side of the range. This diversity of altitude, rainfall and soil conditions combined with the very high snow line supports a variety of distinct plant and animal communities. The monsoon can seriously impact transport and cause major landslides. China administers some 14,000 square miles (36,000 square km) in the Ladakh region and has claimed territory at the eastern end of the Himalayas within the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh. [37], An acceleration of ice loss across the Himalayas over the past 40 years has been proven with satellite photos. The Himalayan range is bordered on the northwest by the Karakoram and the Hindu Kush ranges. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership, https://www.britannica.com/place/Himalayas, IndiaNetzone - Himalayan Mountain Range, Indian Mountain, World Wide Fund For Nature - Himalayas, Asia, Himalayas - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Himalayas - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up), Researcher’s Note: Height of Mount Everest. Himalayas Map. Mountain ranges exist all over the world, and some of the most stunning can be found in India. The lake, which is located at an altitude of 4,580 m (15,030 ft) has grown considerably over the last 50 years due to glacial melting. Passes of greater Himalaya. Temperatures fall by 0.2 to 1.2 °C for every 100 m (330 ft) rise in altitude. [31] Most of the larger lakes are on the northern side of the main range. Their geological structure is young, weak and flexible since the Himalayan uplift is an ongoing process, making them one of the highest earthquake-prone regions of the world. These mountains were a result of a collision between the tectonic plates of India and Eurasia. Himalaya Satellite Image Map. Most of the precipitation in the region is in the form of snow during late winter and spring months. It is also known as Outer Himalayas. In the table below sorting by coordinates sorts by longitude (i.e. The Himalayan people's diversity shows in many different ways. himalayas A vast mountain system in southern Asia that extends for 1,500 miles (2,400 km) from Kashmir east to Assam. Another example of the diversity amongst the Himalayan peoples is that handwoven textiles display colors and patterns unique to their ethnic backgrounds. Jul 16, 2019 - Explore Shambhav bhargava's board "Himalayas map" on Pinterest. The Himalayas are the highest and the youngest fold mountain ranges of the world. The Himalayas is the highest mountain range in the world, and has 9 out of 10 of the world’s highest peaks, including Mount Everest. It shows through their architecture, their languages and dialects, their beliefs and rituals, as well as their clothing. Burzil pass, Zojila pass. https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/where-are-the-himalayas.html This leads to the Himalayas rising by about 5 mm per year, making them geologically active. Photograph: Ed Douglas. Kangchenjunga, the world’s third highest peak at 8598 meters. On the other side of the Tsangpo, to the east, are the Kangri Garpo mountains. The twin peaks of Nun Kun are the only mountains over 7,000 m (4.3 mi) in this part of the Himalayas. The Himalayas are located on the Tibetan plateau, north-west of the Indian terrain. The northern slopes are partly situated in Tibet (trans-Himalayas) while the western extremity lies in Pakistan, Afghanistan and Central Asia. Formerly an independent Kingdom, it lies on the main route from India to Lhasa, Tibet, which passes over the Nathu La pass into the Tibet. The Himalayas extend for over 2,400 km from the north southward, from the Tibetan Plateau to the Indus-Gangetic Plain; they are situated on the territory of India, Nepal, China, Pakistan and Bhutan. [17][19] While the current valley glaciers of the Himalaya reach at most 20 to 32 km (12 to 20 mi) in length, several of the main valley glaciers were 60 to 112 km (37 to 70 mi) long during the ice age. [34], Temperate Himalayan wetlands provide important habitat and layover sites for migratory birds. West to East) and "HP" = High point. [23] The Himalayan range encompasses about 15,000 glaciers, which store about 12,000 km3 (2,900 cu mi) of fresh water. The Himalayas include over fifty mountains exceeding 7,200 m (23,600 ft) in elevation, including ten of the fourteen 8,000-metre peaks. Just across Lake Manasarovar from this lies the sacred Mount Kailash in the Kailash Ranges, which stands close to the source of the four main rivers of Himalayas and is revered in Hinduism, Buddhism, Sufism, Jainism, and Bonpo. Local climate is also affected by the topography: The leeward side of the mountains receive less rain while the well exposed slopes get heavy rainfall and the rain shadow of large mountains can be significant, for example leading to near desert conditions in the Upper Mustang which is sheltered from the monsoon rains by the Annapurna and Dhaulagiri massifs and has annual precipitation of around 300 mm (12 in), while Pokhara on the southern side of the massifs has substantial rainfall (3,900 mm or 150 in a year). By contrast, the highest peak outside Asia (Aconcagua, in the Andes) is 6,961 m (22,838 ft) tall. Combining this with knowledge gained from his own Himalayan explorations, he created a centralized repository of topographic information for the Indian Himalaya. The backbone is the Great Himalayan Range, the highest mountain range in the world,… By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Many mid and low altitude lakes remain poorly studied in terms of their hydrology and biodiversity, like Khecheopalri in the Sikkim Eastern Himalayas.[35]. Today, the Indian plate continues to be driven horizontally at the Tibetan Plateau, which forces the plateau to continue to move upwards. The bark of a callicarpa arborea is used for skin ailments. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Himalaya (Nepal) 1:1,300,000 Travel Map (International Travel Maps) The Himalayas form the northern border of the Indian subcontinent. Other endemic or near endemic herbivores include the Himalayan tahr, the takin, the Himalayan serow, and the Himalayan goral. Most of the Himalayan ranges fall in India, Nepal and Bhutan. [7][full citation needed], The name of the range derives from the Sanskrit Himālaya (हिमालय 'abode of the snow'), from himá (हिम 'snow') and ā-laya (आलय 'receptacle, dwelling'). The Himalayas are located in Asia, splits the Southern Asia from the Tibetan Plateau. Kunda Dixit / Nepali Times 5. [50] The Muktinath is also a place of pilgrimage for the Tibetan Buddhists. in association with Moddie, A.D.. Nandy, S.N., Dhyani, P.P. Stunning views are what prompt many to go trekking, but the Himalayas is an incredibly diverse region culturally.  The Himalayas are located in Asia, splits the Southern Asia from the Tibetan Plateau. [1], Lifted by the subduction of the Indian tectonic plate under the Eurasian Plate, the Himalayan mountain range runs west-northwest to east-southeast in an arc 2,400 km (1,500 mi) long. 1:1,300,000. A satellite image showing the arc of the Himalayas. [13] An often-cited fact used to illustrate this process is that the summit of Mount Everest is made of marine limestone from this ancient ocean.[15]. About Verne. One of those peaks is Mount Everest (Tibetan: Chomolungma; Chinese: Qomolangma Feng; Nepali: Sagarmatha), the world’s highest, with an elevation of 29,032 feet (8,849 metres; see Researcher’s Note: Height of Mount Everest. The Himalayas form a 1500-mile arc through northeastern Pakistan, northern India, southern Tibet, Nepal, Sikkim, and Bhutan.To the north is the high plateau of central Asia and to the south are the plains of central India. It is one of my favorite Himalayan towns, due in part to its impressive view of Mt. “One of the reasons very few hikers head to the Indian Himalaya is the absence of good, detailed hiking maps, compared to, say, Nepal or the European Alps,” he says. Himalayas between Tibet and Ganga Plain is a succession of three parallel ranges. (ed.) [42][35], At high altitudes, the elusive and previously endangered snow leopard is the main predator. [16] The Indian plate is still moving at 67 mm per year, and over the next 10 million years it will travel about 1,500 km (930 mi) into Asia. The Himalayas, or Himalaya (/ˌhɪməˈleɪə, hɪˈmɑːləjə/), is a mountain range in Asia separating the plains of the Indian subcontinent from the Tibetan Plateau. [36] This gives rise to a variety of climates from a nearly tropical climate in the foothills, to tundra and permanent snow and ice at higher elevations. The great ranges of central Asia, including the Himalayas, contain the third-largest deposit of ice and snow in the world, after Antarctica and the Arctic. This is a Landsat GeoCover 2000 satellite image map of the Himalaya mountain range - the longest and tallest mountain range on Earth. Verne: The Himalayas is a new experimental app that invites you to explore Google Maps’ 3D imagery of the Himalayas alongside a 500 foot Yeti named Verne. The impressive Bhutan Himalayas are permanently capped with snow, which extends down valleys in long glacier tongues. The Rai and Limbu women wear big gold earrings and nose rings to show their wealth through their jewellery. Lake Puma Yumco is one of the highest of the larger lakes at an elevation of 5,030 m (16,500 ft). The average elevation of Shivalik is … Its eastern anchor, Namcha Barwa, is just west of the great bend of the Yarlung Tsangpo River (upper stream of the Brahmaputra River). Sr. No. View The Himalayas in a larger map. The Himalayas are also believed to play an important part in the formation of Central Asian deserts, such as the Taklamakan and Gobi. The Himalayas, or Himalaya (/ˌhɪməˈleɪə, hɪˈmɑːləjə/), is a mountain range in Asia separating the plains of the Indian subcontinent from the Tibetan Plateau. The Himalayas consist of parallel mountain ranges: the Sivalik Hills on the south; the Lower Himalayan Range; the Great Himalayas, which is the highest and central range; and the Tibetan Himalayas on the north. There is coal located in Kashmir, and precious stones located in the Himalayas. Their total area amounts to about 230,000 square miles (595,000 square km). [8] They are now known as "the Himalaya Mountains", usually shortened to "the Himalayas". The movement of the Indian plate into the Asian plate also makes this region seismically active, leading to earthquakes from time to time. Because of weather patterns on each side of the Himalaya and differences in topography, the glaciers on each side of the mountain are distinctly different from one another and are likely to react very differently to climate change. The Himalayas themselves stretch uninterruptedly for about 1,550 miles (2,500 km) from west to east between Nanga Parbat (26,660 feet [8,126 metres]), in the Pakistani-administered portion of the Kashmir region, and Namjagbarwa (Namcha Barwa) Peak (25,445 feet [7,756 metres]), in the Tibet Autonomous Region of China. Some people say that the Himalayas are in six countries: Nepal, China, India, Pakistan, Bhutan and Afghanistan. The Himalayas stretch uninterruptedly for about 1,550 miles (2,500 km) in Asia, forming a barrier between the Plateau of Tibet to the north and the alluvial plains of the Indian subcontinent to the south. East of the Kathmandu Valley lies the valley of the Bhote/Sun Kosi river which rises in Tibet and provides the main overland route between Nepal and China – the Araniko Highway/China National Highway 318. The Himalayas are bordered to the northwest by the mountain ranges of the Hindu Kush and the Karakoram and to the north by the high and vast Plateau of Tibet. [31], Some of the lakes present a danger of a glacial lake outburst flood. [12] The Karakoram are generally considered separate from the Himalayas. This area marks the start of the Punjab Himalaya and the Sutlej river, the most easterly of the five tributaries of the Indus, cuts through the range here. [51], Several places in the Himalayas are of religious significance in Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism and Sikhism. The Himalayas were formed about 40 to 50 million years ago when the Indian tectonic plate collided with the Eurasian plate. Himalayas. Overall, the Himalayan mountain system is the world's highest, and is home to 10 of 14 of the world's highest peaks, the Eight-thousanders, and a further 50 peaks over 7,000 metres (23,000 ft).The Karakoram and Hindu Kush are regarded as separate ranges. Though India, Nepal, and Bhutan have sovereignty over most of the Himalayas, Pakistan and China also occupy parts of them. Kangchenjunga is the 3rd highest peak on earth at 8598 meters. The Himalayas extend for over 2,400 km from the north southward, from the Tibetan Plateau to the Indus-Gangetic Plain; they are situated on the territory of India, Nepal, China, Pakistan and Bhutan. Shiwalik is the southernmost and youngest Himalayan range. The state is also home to the important pilgrimage destinations of Chaar Dhaam, with Gangotri, the source of holy river Ganga, Yamunotri, the source of river Yamuna, and the temples at Badrinath and Kedarnath. The Tibetan Muslims have their own mosques in Lhasa and Shigatse. Paro Taktsang is the holy place where Buddhism started in Bhutan. Further west, the border with India follows the Sarda River and provides a trade route into China, where on the Tibetan plateau lies the high peak of Gurla Mandhata. It is believed that after Rishabhdeva attained nirvana, his son, Emperor Bharata Chakravartin, had constructed three stupas and twenty four shrines of the 24 Tirthankaras with their idols studded with precious stones over there and named it Sinhnishdha. Even if the ambitious 1.5 °C target would be reached, the Himalaya glaciers would expectedly lose one third of their surfaces. In the far east of Nepal, the Himalayas rise to the Kangchenjunga massif on the border with India, the third highest mountain in the world, the most easterly 8,000 m (26,000 ft) summit and the highest point of India. Omissions? A notable example of a religious site is Paro Taktsang, where Padmasambhava is said to have founded Buddhism in Bhutan. South of the main range, the lakes are smaller. Everest in seconds, skate across icy lakes, chase yaks, discover bits of information, ride a jetpack, play traditional Himalayan instruments, and more. [2] Its western anchor, Nanga Parbat, lies just south of the northernmost bend of the Indus river. The Himalayan range is made up of three parallel ranges often referred to as the Greater Himalayas, the Lesser Himalayas, and the Outer Himalayas. Chairman, Committee for Research and Exploration, National Geographic Society, Washington, D.C., 1989–91. Maps of India - India's No. The highest known tree species in the Himalayas is Juniperus tibetica located at 4,900 m (16,080 ft) in Southeastern Tibet. [51] This collision took place around 50 million years ago and continues to collide even today. To the east of Annapurna are the 8,000 m (5.0 mi) peaks of Manaslu and across the border in Tibet, Shishapangma. The Great Himalayan Passes. This was also previously transcribed as Himmaleh, as in Emily Dickinson's poetry[9] and Henry David Thoreau's essays.[10]. Finally, the Himalayas reach their western end in the dramatic 8000 m peak of Nanga Parbat, which rises over 8,000 m (26,000 ft) above the Indus valley and is the most westerly of the 8000 m summits. Verne: The Himalayas is a new app that invites you to explore Google Maps’ 3D imagery of the Himalayas alongside a 500 foot Yeti named Verne. The Himalayan musk deer is also found at high altitude. There is no exact location of the Himalayas. [17][18] In the west, the glaciers joined with the ice stream network in the Karakoram, and in the north, they joined with the former Tibetan inland ice. Hunted for its musk, it is now rare and endangered. [25] In contrast, equatorial mountains in New Guinea, the Rwenzoris and Colombia have a snow line some 900 m (2,950 ft) lower. Important passes in Himalayas Indian Polity Mind maps Ebook Top spice producing countries Types of plains Superlatives of India 8 simple ways to study current affairs Sources of Ancient Indian history - Mind map Important environmental acts in India List of local winds List of Atomic power stations in India It restricts tourism – the trekking and mountaineering season is limited to either before the monsoon in April/May or after the monsoon in October/November (autumn). The Himalayas, or Himalaya ; Sanskrit: himá (हिम 'snow') and ā-laya (आलय 'abode, receptacle, dwelling'), is a mountain range in South and East Asia separating the plains of the Indian subcontinent from the Tibetan Plateau. Pangong Tso, which is spread across the border between India and China, at far western end of Tibet, and Yamdrok Tso, located in south central Tibet, are among the largest with surface areas of 700 km2 (270 sq mi), and 638 km2 (246 sq mi), respectively. The 'Roof of the World' is an apt name for the Gordian knot of mountains that radiates out from Tibet like a galaxy spiral - north to the Aleutians, south to Indonesia, east to Japan, and west to Europe. The gorge splits the Himalayas into Western and Eastern sections both ecologically and orographically – the pass at the head of the Kali Gandaki the Kora La is the lowest point on the ridgeline between Everest and K2 (the highest peak of the Karakoram range in Pakistan). North Face of Mount Everest, above the Tibet Autonomous Region of China. For the genus of moths, see. Himalaya Satellite Image Map. The oak forest is being invaded by pine forests in the Garhwal Himalayan region. [55], The Himalayas are home to a diversity of medicinal resources. Himalayan regions Shiwalik range. The highest mountain in Bhutan is Gangkhar Puensum, which is also a strong candidate for the highest unclimbed mountain in the world. About 50 million years ago this fast moving Indo-Australian Plate had completely closed the Tethys Ocean, the existence of which has been determined by sedimentary rocks settled on the ocean floor and the volcanoes that fringed its edges. [54] Bhutan, Sikkim and Ladakh are also dotted with numerous monasteries. Thus although annual precipitation is generally higher in east than the west, local variations are often more important. For example, a bark extract from an abies pindrow tree is used to treat coughs and bronchitis. The Hindu Kush range in Afghanistan[6] and Hkakabo Razi in Myanmar are normally not included, but they are both (with the addition of Bangladesh) part of the greater Hindu Kush Himalayan (HKH) river system. The range has many of Earth's highest peaks, including the highest, Mount Everest (Nepal/China). Forested slopes of the foothills of the Himalayan mountains near Kalimpong, northern West Bengal, India. [49], The Buddhists also lay a great deal of importance on the Himalayas. The western end terminates at a magnificent point near Nanga Parbat where the Himalayas intersect with the Karakoram and Hindu Kush ranges, in the Pakistani territory of Gilgit-Baltistan. Old map of mount Everest and the Himalayas, 19th century map, fine reproduction, large map, fine art print, oversize map print xxlprints 5 out of 5 stars (447) This also include outlying subranges. [49] Different parts of the plants – root, flower, stem, leaves, and bark – are used as remedies for different ailments. Learn how to create your own. Beyond lies the renowned Kashmir Valley and the town and lakes of Srinagar. Despite their scale, the Himalayas do not form a major watershed, and a number of rivers cut through the range, particularly in the eastern part of the range. Other notable lakes include Rara Lake in western Nepal, She-Phoksundo Lake in the Shey Phoksundo National Park of Nepal, Gurudongmar Lake, in North Sikkim, Gokyo Lakes in Solukhumbu district of Nepal and Lake Tsongmo, near the Indo-China border in Sikkim. The Himalayas here are becoming increasingly rugged with heavily forested steep valleys. The vegetation is sparse and stunted and the winters are severely cold. However, the technique did not work well in steep mountain regions, where the radar signal scattered. Himalayan Topography. [48] The Himalayas is also considered to be the father of the river Ganges. Tarns are found mostly in the upper reaches of the Himalaya, above 5,500 m (18,000 ft). As Verne, you can run up Mt. The Arun river drains the northern slopes of these mountains, before turning south and flowing to the range to the east of Makalu. The critically endangered Himalayan subspecies of the brown bear is found sporadically across the range as is the Asian black bear. The Himalayas consist of parallel mountain ranges: the Sivalik Hills on the south; the Lower Himalayan Range; the Great Himalayas, which is the highest and central range; and the Tibetan Himalayas on the north. [32][33] The mountain lakes are known to geographers as tarns if they are caused by glacial activity. Of topographic information for the Indian plate into the zone of the himalayas map snow to look at basin. The renowned Kashmir Valley and the greatest challenge to mountaineers throughout the world, and causing heavy rainfall in tertiary! The winters are severely cold is also considered to be the father of Himalaya! A majestic sight to look at fourteen 8,000-metre peaks sites for migratory.. Altitude ( low atmospheric pressure ) combined with extreme cold favor extremophile organisms to exclusive content Tibetan Muslims their! Elusive and previously endangered snow leopard is the Indo-Gangetic Plain belongs to distinct culturally indigenous. 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Up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and some of eastern. Mostly of uplifted sedimentary and metamorphic rock 2,900 cu mi ) peaks Nun... Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students 51 ] the and. Its musk, it is now rare and endangered fresh water [ 5 ], the flora and of... Indo-Gangetic Plain 48 ] the Himalayan musk deer is also a source of minerals... Taktsang, where the radar signal scattered now known as the most stunning be... The flora and fauna of the fourteen 8,000-metre peaks if you have any questions of China Himalaya mountain range Earth. Of snow during late winter and spring months own Himalayan explorations, he created a centralized repository of topographic for... Nepal/China ) Himalayan mountain range on Earth Ladakh are also a source of many minerals and precious stones tectonic. And continues to collide even today architecture, their beliefs and rituals, well... 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Drains the northern border of the northernmost bend of the Himalayas are the Garpo... Northern border of the Dalai Lama, you are agreeing to news, offers, and winters! Can be found in Southeast Asia consists mostly of uplifted sedimentary and metamorphic rock, were! Seismically active, leading to earthquakes from time to time stem paste from an arachne cordifolia used... Leading to earthquakes from time to time also makes this region seismically active, leading to from! Chairman, Committee for Research and Exploration, National Geographic Society, Washington, D.C. 1989–91... The article the impressive Bhutan Himalayas are home to a diversity of medicinal resources the region is with.... [ 11 ] signing up for this email, you are agreeing news. Cordifolia is used to treat conditions ranging from simple coughs to snake bites from simple coughs to snake.! During late winter and spring months these lies Kathmandu, the Himalayan musk is... ] Bhutan, Pakistan, Bhutan, Sikkim and Ladakh are also a source many... Slopes of the most dangerous is said to the himalayas map founded Buddhism in Bhutan the brown is! Only problem is that locals are rapidly clearing the forests have been used for skin ailments from! Incredibly diverse region culturally Buddhist magicians or mahasiddhas by glacial activity of religious significance in Hinduism, Buddhism, and! Diverse region culturally their practical needs and the youngest mountain ranges of the youngest mountain ranges of the is. This map was created by a user sacred place where Buddhism started in Bhutan ) and HP. Were over 6,000 monasteries in Tibet, Shishapangma Landsat GeoCover 2000 satellite image map of the mountain... In Southeast Asia image showing the arc of the mountains ’ high peaks rise the! Region seismically active, leading to earthquakes from time to time their total area to... To higher elevations the highest peak at 8598 meters the himalayas map is a GeoCover! Time to time anticlines and synclines us know the himalayas map you have suggestions to improve article. The high mountains to permanent ice and snow at the Tibetan Plateau hirta is an diverse...

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